7 minutes agoAuthor: Shivakant Shukla
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hiv (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a very dangerous virus. Doctors and scientists have been searching for its cure for a long time. Recently scientists have made a major achievement in this matter. He has created an injection that prevents HIV infection. Scientists say that this injection is up to 96% effective in preventing HIV infection.
The name of this injection is Lenacapavir. According to scientists, by taking two doses of this vaccine in a year, the person will be completely safe from the risk of HIV infection.
According to data released by American biopharmaceutical company Gilead and published in the New England Journal of Medicine, the lencapavir vaccine was up to 100% effective in preventing HIV infection during the Phase-3 trial. This vaccine was successfully tested on 5000 women from South Africa and Uganda.
According to the India HIV Estimation Report, 2023, more than 25 lakh people are suffering from HIV in India. Every year about 66,400 people fall prey to it.
Talking about the whole world, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), about 4 crore people were suffering from HIV in the year 2023. This year around 6,30,000 people died from it.
so today medical certificate In this we will talk about HIV. You will also learn that-
- What is HIV?
- How does it spread?
- What are the ways to avoid this?
What is HIV?
HIV is a virus that attacks the body’s immune system. It targets the white blood cells of the body, due to which the immune system becomes weak.
Due to this, the risk of diseases like TB, severe infection and cancer increases. If HIV is not treated timely, it can cause Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).
What is the difference between HIV and AIDS?
HIV virus infects the cells of the immune system and gradually weakens it. This reduces the ability to fight any kind of disease.
Whereas AIDS is a medical condition, the primary cause of which is HIV infection. If infection is not detected on time and treatment is not given, immunity weakens and turns into AIDS. If HIV treatment is started at the right time, then AIDS can be avoided. Therefore, it is very important to detect HIV infection in time.
For what reasons does HIV spread?
HIV usually spreads through contact with the body fluids of an infected person i.e. blood, breast milk and sperm. It can spread to the child through infected pregnant women. There are many other reasons for its spread. Understand this from the graphic below-
How can HIV be detected?
Dr. Ankit Bansal, Internal Medicine and Infectious Disease Consultant at Shri Balaji Action Medical Institute, Delhi, says that by looking at someone it cannot be told whether he has HIV or not.
Flu-like symptoms usually appear in the initial days of HIV infection. Many times, despite being infected with HIV, a person does not show any symptoms. The only way to find out is to get a blood test done. Therefore, even after being ill for a long time or showing flu symptoms, a person should get an HIV test done.
How to avoid HIV?
There are many ways to prevent HIV infection. The most important of these is practicing safe sex and not sharing needles, syringes or other injecting equipment. Apart from this, what other solutions are there, understand it from the graphic below-
Can HIV be completely cured?
Dr. Ankit Bansal says that there is no perfect treatment for HIV yet. Although there are some treatments for it. With these, the damage caused to the body by HIV can be reduced to a great extent. HIV treatment protects others from getting infected and also helps the infected person stay healthy.
If HIV is positive, antiretroviral therapy (ART) is given. However, after the successful testing of Lencapavir injection, there is hope all over the world that HIV will soon be treated accurately.
Does HIV spread through contagion?
Dr. Ankit Bansal explains that HIV is not an untouchable virus. Therefore, instead of maintaining distance from HIV infected persons, one should show sympathy and support towards them. Understand from the pointers below which things do not pose a risk of HIV.
- By hugging an infected person.
- By eating food together.
- By staying in the same room.
- By using a public toilet or swimming pool.
- By sharing utensils or clothes.
- From mosquito bites.
- By giving blood to an infected person.
- Through tears or sweat.
Can kissing cause HIV?
Dr. Ankit Bansal explains that HIV does not spread through kissing. However, if the infected person has open wounds in the mouth or there is bleeding from the gums, infection may occur.
Can an HIV positive person have physical relations?
Many people think that one cannot have sex after being HIV positive, but this is not true. An HIV positive person can have physical relations like any other person. However, during this time it is important to use protection to prevent infection.
How to take care of yourself if you are HIV positive?
Don’t panic if you are HIV positive. Keep yourself mentally healthy. Keep in mind that despite being HIV positive, one can live a happy life. For this, keep taking your medicines at the prescribed time and consult the doctor from time to time.
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